L. L. Zamenhof & the Cultural, Religious, Professional & Political Context
of 19^th-20^th Century Eastern European Jewish Intellectuals:
Selected Bibliography

Altmann, Alexander, ed. Studies in Nineteenth-Century Jewish Intellectual History. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1964. (Brandeis University. Philip W. Lown Institute of Advanced Judaic Studies. Studies and Texts; v. 2.)

Avineri, Shlomo. Arlosoroff. Peter Halban, 1989.

Berk, Stephen M. Year of Crisis, Year of Hope: Russian Jewry and the Pogroms of 1881-1882. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1985. (Contributions in Ethnic Studies; no. 11)

"In 1881 he [Zamenhof] was studying medicine in Warsaw; when the pogrom hit the city in December, the apolitical Zamenhof became rapidly politicized. He participated actively in the debate over where to go. In an article entiteld "What Finally Should Be Done?" published in Razsvet, Zamenhof under the pseudonym . . ." [p. 127]

Cassedy, Steven, ed. & trans. Building the Future: Jewish Immigrant Intellectuals and the Making of Tsukunft. New York: Holmes & Meier, 1999.

Cassedy, Steven. To the Other Shore: The Russian Jewish Intellectuals Who Came to America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1997.

Dawidowicz, Lucy S., ed. The Golden Tradition: Jewish Life and Thought in Eastern Europe. 2^nd ed. Northvale, NJ: J. Aronson, 1989.

Deutscher, Isaac. “Message of the Non-Jewish Jew,” The American Socialist, September 1958.

Falstein, Louis, ed. The Martyrdom of Jewish Physicians in Poland; studies by Leon Wulman and Joseph Tenenbaum; research and documentation by Leopold Lazarowitz and Simon Malowist. New York: Published for Medical Alliance-Association of Jewish Physicians from Poland by Exposition Press, 1964.

Fishman, David E. The Rise of Modern Yiddish Culture. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2005. (Pitt Series in Russian and East European Studies)

Frankel, Jonathan. Crisis, Revolution, and Russian Jews. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

Frankel, Jonathan. Jewish Politics and the Russian Revolution of 1905. Tel-Aviv: Tel Aviv University, 1982. (Spiegel Lectures in European Jewish History; 4)

Frankel, Jonathan. Prophecy and Politics: Socialism, Nationalism, and the Russian Jews, 1862-1917. Cambridge, UK; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1981.

"L. Zamenhof, the young Warsaw writer and future creator of Esperanto, emphasized in his article of January 1882, "What Finally Is to Be Done?" that the new Jewish settlers in Palestine would find themselves tyrannized by the fanatically religious Jews already entrenched in Jerusalem . . . " ([Reference:] Gamzefon [Zamenhof], "Chto zhe nakonets delat" Razsvet (22 Jan. 1882), no. 4, p. 133.) p. 88; ref. p. 576.

Gassenschmidt, Christoph. Jewish Liberal Politics in Tsarist Russia, 1900-1914: The Modernization of Russian Jewry. New York: New York University Press, 1995.

Gries, Zeev. The Book in the Jewish World: 1700-1900. Oxford; Portland, OR: Littman Library of Jewish Civilization, 2007. (The Littman Library of Jewish Civilization)

"Zitron also mentions Zusman's ambivalent attitude towards the censor in Warsaw, Marcus Zamenhof, father of the inventor of Esperanto, Eliezer Ludwig Zamenhof . . . " [p. 133]

Heynick, Frank. Jews and Medicine: An Epic Saga. Hoboken, NJ: KTAV Publishing House, 2002.

See section on Zamenhof, Esperanto, and Hilelismo, pp. 306ff.

Horowitz, Brian. Empire Jews: Jewish Nationalism and Acculturation in 19th- and Early 20th-century Russia. Bloomington, IN: Slavica Publishers, 2009. (New Approaches to Russian and East European Culture; 2)

Jacobs, Jack. Bundist Counterculture in Interwar Poland. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, in cooperation with the YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, 2009.

Kaplan, Dana Evan, ed. Platforms and Prayer Books: Theological and Liturgical Perspectives on Reform Judaism. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2002.

On universalist doctrines of Jewish intellectuals & Reform Judaism, with mention of Zamenhof, p. 83.

Lederhendler, Eli. Jewish Responses to Modernity: New Voices in America and Eastern Europe. New York: New York University Press, 1994.

Lyons, Harriet D. & Andrew P. “A Race or Not a Race: The Question of Jewish Identity in the Year of the First Universal Races Congress,” in Ethnicity, Identity, and History: Essays in Memory of Werner J. Cahnman, edited by Joseph B. Maier and Chaim I. Waxman (New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Books, 1983), pp. 149-162.

Mendel, Hersh. Memoirs of a Jewish Revolutionary, translated by Robert Michaels. Pluto, 1989.

Shepherd, Naomi. “Within the Pale” [review], London Review of Books, Vol. 12, No. 3, 8 February 1990, pp. 15-16.

Mogilne, Marina. A Race for the Future: Scientific Visions of Modern Russian Jewishness. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2022.

Nadel, James. “Review of Marina Mogilner’s A Race for the Future: Scientific Visions of Modern Russian Jewishness,” In Geveb, June 2023.

Moss, Kenneth B. Jewish Renaissance in the Russian Revolution. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009.

Nathans, Benjamin; Safran, Gabriella; eds. Culture Front: Representing Jews in Eastern Europe. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2008. (Jewish Culture and Contexts)

Peleg, Yaron. Orientalism and the Hebrew Imagination. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2005.

Pool, Dr. David de Sola. "Zionism as an Expression of Jewish Patriotism," The Maccabaean, Vol. XXV, No. 5, November-December, 1914, pp. 168-179.

"There is no single agent for holding a people together more potent than that of the possession of a common language, or even that of similarity of tongue. Norway, Sweden and Denmark feel themselves to be of one kin, because of the close relationship between their Germanic dialects. Spain and Portugal, and in a broader union also France and Italy, are Latin brethren. England and the United States, or Prance and Belgium, or Germany and Austria, are natural allies, apart from all racial, political or economic considerations, because of their possession of a common language. On the other hand, as Zamenhof and other sponsors of a universal language have insistently pointed out, the greatest spiritual barrier between peoples is dissimilarity of tongue." [p. 170]

Raisin, Jacob S. The Haskalah Movement in Russia. Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society of America, 1913.

See footnote on Zamenhof.

Sokolow, Florian. Nahum Sokolow: Life and Legend, edited with an afterword by Joseph Leftwich. London: Jewish Chronicle Publications, 1975.

". . . one of the Monday lectures on a new religion that he projected as a synthesis of Judaism and Christianity. He called it Hillelism; he had based it on the teachings of Rabbi Hillel. His religious Esperanto did not get much response . . ." [p. 76]

Sokolow, Nahum. History of Zionism, 1600-1918, Volume II; with an introduction by the Rt. Hon. A. J. Balfour; portraits & illustrations, selected & arranged by Israel Solomon; introduction to Vol. II by M. Stephen Pichon & a character sketch of the late Sir Mark Sykes. London; New York [etc.]: Longmans, Green and Co., 1919. Full text at archive.org & at google books.

"The University movement, though most vigorous in other parts of the Russian Empire, had only few adherents in Poland. It is worthy of note that Dr. Zamenhof, the inventor of Esperanto, was, during a certain period of his university career, a Jewish Nationalist of great zest, and a contributor to Rosenfeld's Razsweet." [p. 294]

Trachtenberg, Barry. The Revolutionary Roots of Modern Yiddish, 1903-1917. New York: Syracuse University Press, 2008. (Judaic Traditions in Literature, Music, and Art)

Mentions Zamenhof's efforts at reform of Yiddish. [p. 73]

Veidlinger, Jeffrey. Jewish Public Culture in the Late Russian Empire. Bloomington; Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 2009. (The Modern Jewish Experience)

Noto en Esperanto:

L. L. Zamenhof & the Kultura, Religia, Profesia & Politika Kunteksto de 19-20-jarcentaj Orienteŭropaj Judaj Intelektuloj:
Elektita Bibliografio Anglalingva

Ĉi tiuj referencoj inkluzivas pri-historiajn librojn en la angla lingvo kiuj traktas la ĝeneralan historion de la periodo kaj la socian kuntekston en kiu Zamenhof vivis, pensis, kaj laboris. Kelkaj mallonge referencas al Zamenhof mem. Mi kompilis apartan plejparte anglalingvan bibliografion pri marksismo kaj la juda demando:

Marxism & the Jewish Question: Selected Bibliography

Aldone, oni komparu ĉi tiujn ĝeneralajn esplortemojn kun la specifaĵoj pri L. L. Zamenhof kaj liaj familianoj:

Zamenhof & Zamenhofologio: Retgvidilo / Web Guide

Review of Sander L. Gilman, Jewish Self-Hatred: Anti-Semitism and the Hidden Language of the Jews

Zamenhof & Zamenhofologio: Retgvidilo / Web Guide

First Universal Races Congress, London, July 26-29, 1911: Selected Bibliography

Esperanto, Vaŝingtono, & la Mondo / Esperanto, Washington, & the World — 1910
Centjara Jubileo / Centennial — 2010

Marxism & the Jewish Question: Selected Bibliography